Grappling Tips Newsletter

I've worked super hard for the past four months, and it's time for a brief break. This Saturday and Sunday I'm off to Seattle to train with Dan Inosanto. The day after that I'm off to spend a week in a small fishing village on the shores of sunny Cuba.

I'm not likely to have a reliable internet connection, so I probably won't be posting much while I'm there. I'm no Hemmingway, but I still intend to do a lot of writing there, which I'll share with you all when I get back.

Please note that any DVDs ordered during this time will still get sent out promptly by my shipper.

Labels: grapplearts

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I want to thank everyone who went and downloaded Grapplearts Submissions from the iTunes store. This app currently only works on the iPhone and the iPod touch (but we're looking into putting it onto the Blackberry and other platforms).

And I ESPECIALLY want to thank those of you who are helping spread the word about the application. We've been the number one or number two paid sports app in iTunes for a while now, and it's all thanks to you.

If you want to help out, here are some links that you can post, forward on to friends, etc.

*** The app information page on Grapplearts
http://grapplearts.com/iphone/

*** A link that opens the iTunes program right to the Grapplearts Submissions App
http://tinyurl.com/cny5t8

*** The new Grapplearts Facebook page, with lots of info about the app
http://tinyurl.com/d5lxtm

So, for the third time, thank you!

Stephan Kesting

Labels: iphone

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Yesterday I was training my side mount escapes. My partner and I repeatedly started with me pinned, and then we worked until I got out or until someone tapped.

Well I got sloppy and ended up on the receiving end of this rather horrendous armlock/choke/neck crank technique that's one of Marcus Soares's signature moves.


So there I was, getting squished. I was in pain, but pride kept me from tapping out (which, is, of course the wrong thing to do). I squirmed this way and that, trying to find a way out.

I ended up escaping by the skin of my teeth. I literally had to I 'walk' his leg off of my face using my face muscles, alternately contorting my face into a frown, then a manic smile. Frown. Smile. Frown. Smile. Frown. Smile...

Fortunately the combination of luck, determination and desperation eventually paid off and I was out of the submission and out from under side mount.

Not surprisingly, though, my neck was pretty sore that evening. A bad kind of sore. That oh-boy-I've-done-it-again kind of sore.

That was yesterday. And today my neck is almost 100% again. So what did I do?

Nowadays almost everybody knows about using the R.I.C.E. formula to deal with sprains, strains, pulls or tears. This 4 step process consists of:

R = Rest (i.e. don't make it any worse)
I = Ice (10 minutes on, 10 minutes off)
C = Compression (a not-too-tight ACE bandage, for example)
E = Elevation (lifting the injured body part above the level of the heart)

When it comes to neck and back injuries you're kind of limited though - compression and elevation don't apply.

You really don't want to be found unconscious with some sort of band wrapped around your neck - the optics just aren't good (honest mom, I hurt my neck...). And with regards to elevation it's hard to elevate your neck above your heart more than it already is.

This leaves us with steps one and two: rest and ice. It's funny: almost everyone will ice a sore elbow, but very few people apply ice to a sore neck. This is a mistake.

That evening I put a gel ice pack into a sleeve and tied it around my neck, 10 minutes on and 10 minutes off, all evening. The 10/10 rule is important, because it's easily possible to give yourself frostbite by leaving ice or ice packs on too long.

I even ran an errand with that neoprene sleeve around my neck. Yes, I got some funny looks, but I'm 100% certain that the early and aggressive icing had a lot to do with my quick recovery.

The other tool in the R.I.C.E. formula for sore necks and backs is rest. Notice that it does NOT say 'stretch'. If you've recently strained your neck or back then DO NOT STRETCH IT.

When you strain a muscle it's typically been slightly torn or damaged. The pain and stiffness is a way for the muscle to protect itself. When you stretch it too early, you're just aggravating it further.

The worst back pain I ever had is when I came home from work with a very sore lower back and tried to stretch it out. At the end of that (gentle) stretching session I was so seized up that I couldn't get up off the ground. I lay in the same spot on the floor for 24 hours, wondering if I would ever walk again.

It's usually OK to start gentle stretching AFTER the inflammation has gone down - typically 3 to 4 days in the case of a mild strain or sprain.

So to summarize: if you strain your back or neck, DO get ice on it right away, but DON'T try to stretch it out.

Labels: chokes, Injuries

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The first time I saw the Reverse Mount I was at an Erik Paulson seminar. My reaction was something like "yeah, right...."

I honestly thought that Erik had run out of high percentage things to teach and was now just making stuff up.

Knowing Erik though, I really shouldn't have doubted him...

As soon as I used the reverse mount in sparring I realized that my opponent had no clue about what to do. In addition, the pressure on his diaphragm turned out to be quite intense, making it hard for him to breath.

This is an application of choking your opponent's diaphragm instead of his neck.

Difficulty breathing = panic = doing something stupid = easy submission! I finished my partner with a submission and that was the beginning of a beautiful relationship.

After that I started using it fairly regularly. I even won the a BJJ tournament with it: I started in North South, jumped up and forward to get to Reverse Mount, and then sunk in a kneebar (a breakdown of that finish, and a video of it, made it into my Dynamic Kneebars DVD).

It's funny, before you identify something as a position it just looks like a wacky tangle of legs and arms. You think to yourself "how could I ever end up in that silly position?"

But after you isolate it and give it a name you start seeing it much more often. Grapplers may not mean to end up there, but they do anyway.

And you see this position even at the highest levels: I remember watching two top ranked fighters in Pride end up in this position and stalemate there for what seemed like hours (in reality it was probably only a few minutes).

It's so unusual that the vast majority of people trapped on the bottom have no idea how to escape from here or even what kind of submissions to expect

(To my loyal readers I'll spill the beans and tell you that most of the attacks from here involve leglocks, but don't tell anyone...)

Knowing how to apply a few so-called 'specialty' positions can be an absolute ace up your sleeve!

Labels: competition, leglocks, positions, teachers, unorthodox strategies

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OK, it's official. The collective intelligence of the Grapplearts readership is awesome.

About 5,000 people receive these newsletters, and many more read it on the website, via RSS feeds, etc. If we all got together and combined our knowledge we'd make Rickson Gracie look like a three-stripe white belt.

A few days ago I talked about one of my favorite unorthodox positions: Offside Kesa Gatame. I also said that, to the best of my knowledge, there aren't any formal names for this position

Well Chris Beaver from Canada and Pierre Henry from Belgium both wrote in to tell me that Judo DOES have a name for this position, namely: "Makura Kesa Gatame."

The funny thing is that, before I wrote the article in question, I'd asked about 5 Judo black belts if they'd ever seen that position and they all said no.

After I got those two emails I did some additional research and found out that there are a couple of variations of Makura Kesa Gatame. One of those variations is very similar to what I call Offside Kesa Gatame.

It's a bit of a digression, but one thing to keep in mind is that while some Judo players may use this as a PINNING position, knowledge of the submission potential of this position will be more rare. In Judo the pin itself can win the match, so why risk going for a position and losing the position.

(Back when I did Judo going for a submission from a good pinning position in competition would have been considered insane).

I've often said that we should look beyond the borders of our own specific martial arts for additional information. Chris and Pierre helped me do just that!

Thanks!

Labels: competition, judo, positions, unorthodox strategies

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Today I'd like to tell you about my brand new application for the iPhone and the second generation iPod Touch. It's called "Grapplearts Submissions", and it's the very first tool of it's kind for learning BJJ, submission grappling or MMA techniques.

(We're still tweaking the application to work properly with first generation iPod Touch, so if you have one of these stay tuned and I hope to have good news for you soon)



This application is designed so that you can learn grappling anywhere.

The idea is that you can learn the armbar from mount while riding the bus, or remind yourself of the key points for the triangle choke while waiting in line! Now you can bring your techniques with you to class and drill them with your friends!

Click here to see the application page on iTunes (if you have iTunes installed on your computer), or click here for the info page on Grapplearts.com.

This application is designed to be used on your iPhone or second generation iPod Touch. There are 31 different armlock, leglock and choke entries, AND we show you the details that make those submissions work. In addition, we plan to add other techniques to future updates, which you'll get free!

A quick note: this is a big application because it has LOTS of video instruction. That's why you need a wifi network if you want to download it to your iphone directly.

If you don't have a wifi network then just use iTunes to download the app (search for "Grapplearts Submissions" in the iTunes store). Then synch your phone, just like you do for your music, calenders, etc.

About the price: my co-developers begged, whined and pleaded until I agreed to initially release it at at the nominal cost $0.99 (for the first week only). I personally think that this low price is a mistake, but compromise is the soul of partnership...

After March 27th I'll raise the price for sure.

So here's how to get the application, and some links to more information about it:

• Click here to open iTunes to the application page (if you have iTunes already installed)
• Or you can open iTunes manually and search for "Grapplearts Submissions" in the iTunes store
• Download iTunes for free
• Visit the iPhone page on Grapplearts for screen shots and a detailed list of contents
• Go to the Grapplearts Submission Application on Facebook (become a Grapplearts fan!)
• Click here to see a demonstration of the application on Youtube
  

Finally, if you DON'T have an iPhone or an iPod Touch then I'd still be eternally grateful if you could help get the word out to the grapplers and MMA enthusiasts you know who DO have these tools.

Labels: armlocks, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, chokes, iphone, leglocks, training

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Today I want to look at another unorthodox position. It's so unique that - to the best of my knowledge - there aren't any formal names for it. For now I'm calling it the "Offside Kesa Gatame", because it resembles normal Kesa Gatame except that you're applying it on the 'wrong' side of your opponent's body.

The first couple of times I ended up here were complete accidents, as I was frantically trying to hold down a bucking opponent. At that time I had no clue that I was actually in a position with submission potential.

Since then I've been formally shown this position by two separate instructors - it's one of Erik Paulson's favorites, and also the late Carlson Gracie showed it a seminar he did in Vancouver back in 2005

I can guarantee you that 99% of grapplers caught in Offside Kesa Gatame will be taken completely by surprise. This can give you a huge advantage, because your opponent will often do the wrong thing to get out and give you an easy submission.

When you're applying Offside Kesa Gatame you trap your opponent's head and FAR arm (instead of his near arm). His head is elevated off of the ground by resting on your thigh.

The photo at the top of this post shows the positioning of my legs (spread wide) and my right arm (trapping his head and left arm). I'll tell you more about the positioning of my other arm in a minute...

But first I've gotta tell you something very important...

The big danger of Offside Kesa Gatame is getting bridged over backwards. In order NOT to get bridged I normally do TWO things

1. I keep my legs spread very wide apart. If your feet are close together then you're going to go for a ride, straight to the bottom
2. I keep my weight forward. That's why - in the picture just below - my head is down and I'm grabbing my shin with my hand.

Once you shut down the possibility of getting bridged over backwards he may still manage to escape by squirming, but the chances are that you'll still be on the top in some variation of side control.

You can slap Offside Kesa Gatame onto your opponent in a number of ways.

The most common entry is probably when you have Side Mount on your opponent with his far arm underhooked. There are other entries as well though - my most recent discovery is how to surprise your opponent by switching to this position from an under-over grip on this back when you don't have the hooks in yet.

Once you're in Offside Kesa Gatame there are a variety of very effective armlocks and chokes available to you, most of which keep you in the top position.

As I alluded to earlier you can also end up here completely by accident. Even if you have no intention to make this a bread and butter position, then at the very least you should know how to transition back into a more familiar top position.

So give this position a try. Start with isolating Offside Kesa and work on maintaining it with a semi-cooperative training partner. If you like it then begin incorporating it into your sparring.

I don't feel the slightest bit sorry for your opponents when you start busting this move out on them - it's their punishment for not reading this blog and being subscribed to the Grappling Tips Newsletter!

Labels: kesa gatame, positions, unorthodox strategies

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Boy, was there a lot of buzz after my last post! When I wrote about Kesa Gatame being both a valid and an unorthodox attack position, long heated discussions broke out on several grappling forums and quite a few people even contacted me with quite a diverse set of responses:

• A lot of people agree with me (which is always nice to hear).
• Others insist that Kesa Gatame is easy to counter (I can only say that they've never had it applied on them 'in anger').
• Some people argue that it's not an unorthodox position at all, and that it's a fundamental Judo position (true, but it's NOT a typical BJJ position).
• And there's a selection of grapplers who are upset with me because I've spilled the beans about one of their favorite positions (what can I say, that's my job...).
  

Oh well, I wonder what they'll all think about my next post on "Offside" Kesa Gatame...

Labels: positions, unorthodox strategies

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Kesa Gatame (what the guy in the white gi is using in the photo above) is the Judo name for a position that is also known as the Scarf Hold or the Head and Arm pin.

Some people will object my calling this an 'unorthodox' position, because it's a staple pin in Judo, Sambo and Freestyle Wrestling.

That's true, but while it may be common in other grappling systems, it's underutilized and generally frowned upon in BJJ. (I think this is because of the common belief that it's too easy to have your back taken from here, but that's easy to counter if you know how).

These other arts have honed kesa gatame as a pinning position. The only problem is that they don't use or teach very many submissions from here.

In those sports the submission is redundant - if you pin your opponent for 3 seconds (wrestling) or 25 seconds (Judo) you win the match. Given these rules, why risk going for a submission?

BJJ is different - the ultimate goal is to submit, not pin, your opponent. And if submitting your opponent is your goal, then Kesa Gatame actually has a lot to offer!

I first learned about the submissions you can apply in Kesa Gatame from Shootwrestling, as taught by Dan Inosanto and Erik Paulson. It turns out that you can submit your opponent using a whole gamut of submissions, including:

• straight armlocks
• bent armlocks
• chokes
• neck cranks
• leglocks

Personally I now use Kesa Gatame all the time in sparring. It also has a special place in my heart because, many years ago, it saved my butt in a tournament. I was behind on points, managed to secure Kesa Gatame, and then transitioned into a kneebar which won me the gold medal.

So no matter what anybody says, I know that Kesa Gatame works in BJJ.

And it's not just my opinion. Several of my teammates - most notably Benito Segura, now a Marcus Soares brown belt - have refined this into an absolutely deadly position. And yes, I've been caught in it. And tapped...

When it comes to Kesa Gatame you don't necessarily need to make it your primary position, but you've GOT to learn a little bit about it.

This is an area of grappling that BJJ and submission grappling people could actually learn a lot from Judo, Freestyle Wrestling, Sambo, Shootwrestling and all the other styles for which Kesa Gatame is a bread and butter position.

Labels: Brazilian jiu-jitsu, kesa gatame, positions, unorthodox strategies

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After my last tip about unorthodox BJJ positions I had some people contact me and tell me that I'd left out the North South position from my list of the 6 fundamental BJJ Positions.

I've actually addressed this issue in my Beginning BJJ Package, and so I'm just going to quote from there:

"The boundaries of the positional variations we've just discussed are a bit vague, and some people might classify certain variations as separate positions. For example, some people might consider the North-South position to be sufficiently distinct from Side Mount to deserve its own category, as opposed to what I've done in this book (i.e. calling North-South position a variant of Side Mount). The terminology isn't too important; to quote Bruce Lee, "...it's just a name, don't fuss over it."

The bottom line is that no classification system is perfect. It doesn't matter if you're dealing with biology, economics, chemistry or grappling: sometimes the things you are trying to classify will absolutely refuse to be forced neatly into a convenient niche. To deal with this problem I encourage you to eventually create your own classification system, and use this system to describe the unique subset of positions, techniques and strategies that YOU use when YOU grapple."

So that's the north-south position cleared up (I hope). I consider it to be a form of side control, but you can call it whatever you want!

Labels: Brazilian jiu-jitsu, positions

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I've said before are six major positions in Brazilian jiu-jitsu:

1. Guard (including closed, open and half guard)
2. Sidemount,
3. Kneemount,
4. Full mount,
5. Rear mount,
6. Turtle.

These are the bread and butter positions. Everyone who grapples should have a good idea of how to maintain these positions, attack from these positions, and escape from these positions.

That being said, I think it's also a great idea to sometimes go and explore other less-well-known positions.

The topic of unusual positions has been on my mind for the last couple of weeks, because I was getting ready to teach a seminar called "Unorthodox Positions and Attacks" at Dynamic MMA last weekend.

Since I've never before taught this as a distinct topic, I spent a fair bit of time organizing the techniques and strategies I use in these types of positions. I wanted a coherent and teachable curriculum.

Some people will say that you don't need to go beyond the basic six positions. Other positions - they argue - are merely novelties that distract you from perfecting the basics.

Now I completely agree that perfecting the basics is important - that's a no brainer. But I also believe that there are at least three important reasons to study positions that aren't part of regular, normal, day-to-day Brazilian jiu-jitsu.

First of all, it's a HUGE advantage to pin an opponent in a position that he's never seen before. Because he's unfamiliar with the position, odds are that he won't know the right way to escape and that he'll do something stupid, thus giving you the submission. The best part here is that he'll never see the submission coming.

Secondly, being familiar with an odd position is invaluable if YOU get caught in it yourself. If someone puts you into an offside kesa gatame hold then hopefully you've been there before, and have some idea of what to do (and what not to do). We are most scared of things we don't understand.

Thirdly, you could end up in these unorthodox positions by accident. Strange and convoluted positions happen all the time in grappling. Having a large variety of positions in your grappling rolodex helps you when you end up in something really weird. It's a huge comfort whenever you're able to relax and remind yourself that you've already been in similar positions.

In the next few posts we'll take a look at some of my favorite unorthodox positions, and see how they can be used to give you an unfair advantage in submission grappling and Brazilian Jiu-jitsu.

Labels: unorthodox strategies

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I first truly realized how powerful drills can be about 15 years ago.

At that time I was I was teaching a self defense class. One of my students was of average size and strength with severely below-average punching power. He was a chronic "arm-puncher," which means he just couldn't get his body behind his punches to make them powerful

I tried explaining how to use his body. I tried showing him. Nothing helped.

Finally I grabbed a heavy medicine ball and stood back-to-back with him. From that position we passed the medicine ball around and around, first in one direction, then in the other. To do this drill you really have to twist your upper body, which is quite similar to the movement required to punch properly.

A few minutes later, when I put the focus mitts on again, I was shocked at the difference in his punches. He finally started moving his body properly, and punch after punch thudded into the target.

His miracle cure was a single drill.

Sometimes you can have the same miracle cure for grappling problems.

If someone is having a rough time with a technique, it's often because they're having trouble with a certain aspect of the technique - a movement or transition that their body just doesn't want to do (yet). If this is the case, then isolating that movement and training it often goes a long way towards solving the problem.

Here's a concrete grappling example. Last year I wrote about a 'secret' of the Half Guard, about destabilizing your opponent by bringing your knees up to your chest. (If you don't remember this tip, you can read it again by clicking here.)

Some people have a hard time getting this movement - maybe it's because bringing both knees up to one's chest explosively is just not a 'natural' movement.

So here's a simple solo drill that I've found helps people to understand this movement, and then later apply it in grappling.

It's a little bit harder than it sounds, so start with about 20 repetitions. For maximum benefit keep the following points in mind

• Pull your knees up to your chest EXPLOSIVELY. This is NOT a slow leg-lift type of exercise.
• Touch the bottoms of your feet with your hands to make sure that you've pulled your legs up far enough.
• Remember what this is for; as you're doing the exercise visualize trapping one of your opponent's legs between your legs. Imagine pulling him over you and getting underneath his center of gravity every time.
  

This movement resembles an abdominal exercise, but don't let that fool you. It's true that it does challenge and strengthen your muscles, but that's only a side benefit. It's main purpose is to put a killer edge onto a very sports-specific movement.

Think about the sticking points in your techniques that bother you. Then find, modify or invent grappling drills to make that sticking point a thing of the past.

P.S. There are several resources you can consult for more information on sports-specific exercises. I put my favorite grappling drills onto DVD a few years ago, and there are also some free BJJ drills online. Check them both out!
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A few weeks ago I wrote about getting an inguinal hernia on New Year's Day and my subsequent surgery.

(For those of you who don't know, this type of hernia is when your intestines start protruding through a weakness or tear in your abdominal wall and show up as a bulge on the outside of your belly. These hernias may become strangulated, painful and infected, and if untreated might even kill you!)

First of all, thank you very much to all those who got in touch with wishes of a speedy and complete recovery. I'm happy to say that I'm doing great - I've even had a couple of light sparring sessions which was a ton of fun after 6 weeks away from the mats!

I've also received some emails with questions about hernias. To my knowledge this subject has never been addressed in the context of BJJ or submission grappling. So long as everybody understands that I AM NOT A DOCTOR I'll take a stab at answering some of these questions:

--------------------------------------------------

Q: How long does it take to recover from hernia surgery and get back to BJJ and grappling?

A: Well, predictably the answer is "it depends." As far as I can figure out, it depends on a number of factors, including

• what type of hernia you have (inguinal, femoral, umbilical, etc.) and how bad it is,
• what type of surgery you had to repair it (synthetic mesh, internal stitches, etc.),
• what your fitness level was prior to the injury,
• whether there were any complications during or after surgery (hemorrhage, infection, etc.)
• etc.
  

And sometimes you get conflicting information. For example, when I checked out of the hospital a nurse handed me a pamphlet with instructions not to lift more than 10 pounds for 4 to 6 weeks!

I was very surprised, therefore, when I visited the surgeon for a followup visit and told me that I could get back to FULL activity even though only 2 weeks had gone by since the surgery. He said that the 4 to 6 week rest period recommended by the pamphet was based on old surgical techniques.

So the bottom line is that recovery times seem to be getting a lot shorter (especially for mesh-based surgeries), but YOU REALLY NEED TO TALK TO YOUR DOCTOR OR SURGEON before getting back to training of any kind!

--------------------------------------------------

Q: What was your post-surgery workout and rehab schedule like?

A: Here's my rough schedule so far:

1. For the first two weeks after surgery I did absolutely NOTHING.
   
2. After two weeks I got the OK to 'get back to everything' from my surgeon. Frankly this sounded a bit over-optimistic, and I decided on a gradual back-to-grappling program.
3. For the next week I only did light bodyweight exercises and light BJJ technique drilling with a considerate partner.
4. Then I did a week of light circuit training with weights (i.e. no heavy squats or deadlifts) and continued with the light partner drilling
5. A month post-surgery I'm in a phase of doing slightly heavier weight training (still no squatting with more than 245 lbs though), a bit of running, and some easy sparring with people at least 10 lbs lighter than me

As I've said before, I'm determined NOT to get re-injured (or get a different injury) during this post-surgery comeback, so I'm actually being pretty disciplined about not doing too much, too soon.

--------------------------------------------------

Q: If a fit guy like you can get a hernia, what about the rest of us? How can we prevent hernias?

A: Well there are a lot of different types of hernias. As I understand it, prevention depends on the exact type of hernia that you're talking about.

I had what is known as a direct inguinal hernia, which has a strong genetic component. A family history of this condition means that you're more likely to get it too (and, in fact, my Dad had a hernia surgery a couple of years ago).

It's clear that picking the right parents is probably the best way to avoid these types of hernias.

On the other hand, some other types of hernias are more related to excessive body weight and/or lack of muscle tone. Staying fit, avoiding obesity and keeping your abdominal wall strong through exercise is probably your best bet to avoid these types of 'lifestyle' hernias.

I'm just so very very glad that I had the mostly-genetic type of hernia, because of the saving face factor. I know I'd never live it down if I'd come down with an optional lifestyle hernia....

Labels: Injuries

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